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2021 / N 3

Витамин D у лиц пожилого и старческого возраста: фокус на COVID-19
Н.В. Поленова, Ю.Р. Вараева, Е.Н. Ливанцова, Д.В. Викентьев, С.Д. Косюра, А.В. Стародубова

Список литературы

1. Holick MF. Resurrection of vitamin D deficiency and rickets. The Journal of Clinical Investigation 2006 Aug;116(8):2062-72.
2. Wyskida M, Wieczorowska-Tobis K, Chudek J. Prevalence and factors promoting the occurrence of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly. Postȩpy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej (Online) 2017 Mar;71(0):198-204.
3. Menant J, Close J, Delbaere K, Sturnieks D, Trollor J, Sachdev P, Brodaty H, Lord S. Relationships between serum vitamin D levels, neuromuscular and neuropsychological function and falls in older men and women. Osteoporosis International 2012 Mar;23(3):981-9.
4. Garland CF, French CB, Baggerly LL, Heaney RP. Vitamin D supplement doses and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the range associated with cancer prevention. Anticancer Research 2011 Feb;31(2):607-11.
5. Pilz S, Tomaschitz A, März W, Drechsler C, Ritz E, Zittermann A, Cavalier E, Pieber TR, Lappe JM, Grant WB, Holick MF, Dekker JM. Vitamin D, cardiovascular disease and mortality. Clinical Endocrinology 2011 Nov;75(5):575-84.
6. Porto MC, De Lima Silva, Brito da Luz JS, Filho BM, Magalhães da Silveira V. Association between vitamin D deficiency and heart failure risk in the elderly. ESC Heart Failure Journal 2018 Feb;5(1):63-74.
7. Pittas AG, Nelson J, Mitri J, Hillmann W, Garganta C, Nathan DM, Hu FB, Dawson-Hughes B; Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and progression to diabetes in patients at risk for diabetes: an ancillary analysis in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes Care 2012 Mar;35(3):565-73.
8. Papaioannou I, Pantazidou G, Kokkalis Z, Georgopoulos N, Jelastopulu E. Vitamin D deficiency in elderly with diabetes mellitus type 2: a review. Cureus 2021 Jan;13(1):e12506.
9. Burgaz A, Orsini N, Larsson SC, Wolk A. Blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and hypertension: a meta-analysis. Journal of Hypertension 2011 Apr;29(4):636-45.
10. Raghuwanshi A, Joshi SS, Christakos S. Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 2008 Oct;105(2):338-43.
11. Boucher BJ. Is vitamin D status relevant to metabolic syndrome? Dermato-Endocrinology 2012 Apr;4(2):212-24.
12. Ткачева О.Н., Фролова Е.В., Яхно Н.Н. Гериатрия. Национальное руководство. М.: Гэотар-Медиа; 2018. 608 с.
13. da Rosa MI, Beck WO, Colonetti T, Budni J, Falchetti ACB, Colonetti L, Coral AS, Meller FO. Association of vitamin D and vitamin B12 with cognitive impairment in elderly aged 80 years or older: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 2019 Aug;32(4):518-24.
14. Conzade R, Koenig W, Heier M, Schneider A, Grill E, Peters A, Thorand B. Prevalence and predictors of subclinical micronutrient deficiency in German older adults: results from the population-based KORA-age study. Nutrients 2017 Nov;9(12):1276.
15. McKay DL, Perrone G, Rasmussen H, Dallal G, Hartman W, Cao G, Prior RL, Roubenoff R, Blumberg JB. The effects of a multivitamin/mineral supplement on micronutrient status, antioxidant capacity and cytokine production in healthy older adults consuming a fortified diet. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2000 Oct;19(5):613-21.
16. Cowen LE, Hodak SP, Verbalis JG. Age-associated abnormalities of water homeostasis. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 2013 Jun;42(2):349-70.
17. Конев Ю.В. Витамины в пожилом и старческом возрасте. Терапевт 2008;9:56-9.
18. Drevet S, Gavazzi G. [Undernutrition of the elderly]. La Revue de Médecine Interne 2019 Oct;40(10):664-9.
19. Парахонский А.П. Возможности витаминной профилактики когнитивных нарушений в пожилом возрасте. Заметки ученого 2017;1(17):22-9.
20. de Souza dos Santos C, de Bessa TA, Junqueira Xavier A. Factors associated with dementia in elderly. Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 2020 Feb;25(2):603-11.
21. Барановский А.Ю. Рациональное питание пожилого человека. Практическая диетология 2014;3:11.
22. Chernoff R. Geriatric nutrition. The health professional’s handbook. 4th ed. Burlingtone, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2014. 580 p.
23. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, Boirie Y, Bruyère O, Cederholm T, Cooper C, Landi F, Rolland Y, Sayer AA, Schneider SM, Sieber CC, Topinkova E, Vandewoude M, Visser M, Zamboni M; Writing Group for the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), and the Extended Group for EWGSOP2. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age and Ageing 2018 Jan;48(1):16-31.
24. Иванов В.И., Дорофейков В.В., Кайстря И.В., Эмануэль В.Л. Витамин D и лабораторные показатели сердечно-сосудистого риска у пожилых. Клиническая лабораторная диагностика 2020;65(1):11-5.
25. Сафонова Ю.А., Зоткин Е.Г., Глазунова Г.М., Струков Е.Л. Анализ обеспеченности витамином D людей пожилого и старческого возраста. Успехи геронтологии 2018;31(2):184-90.
26. Nowak J, Hudzik B, Jagielski P, Kulik-Kupka K, Danikiewicz A, Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska B. Lack of seasonal variations in vitamin D concentrations among hospitalized elderly patients. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021;18(4):1676.
27. Siddiqee MH, Bhattacharjee B, Siddiqi UR, Rahman MM. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the South Asian adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2021 Oct;3(1):328883.
28. Hribar M, Hristov H, Gregorič M, Blaznik U, Zaletel K, Oblak A, Osredkar J, Kušar A, Žmitek K, Rogelj I, Pravst I. Nutrihealth study: seasonal variation in vitamin D status among the Slovenian adult and elderly population. Nutrients 2020 Jun;12(6):1838.
29. Kaur S, Kaur H, Singh Bhatia A. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the urban elderly population in Jammu. Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research 2020 Mar;08(03):284-7.
30. Liu L, Cao Z, Lu F, LiuY, Lv Y, Qu Y, Gu H, Li C, Cai J, Ji S, Li Y, Zhao F, Shi X. Vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome in elderly Chinese individuals: evidence from CLHLS. Nutrition and Metabolism 2020 Jul;17:58.
31. Jawad IH, Baiee HA. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its correlate with overweight and obesity in community-dwelling old adults. Medical Journal of Babylon 2020;17(1):36-40.
32. Vallejo MS, Blümel JE, Arteaga E, Aedo S, Tapia V, Araos A, Sciaraffia C, Castelo-Branco C. Gender differences in the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a southern Latin American country: a pilot study. Climacteric Journal 2020 Aug;23(4):410-6.
33. Kweder H, Eidi H. Vitamin D deficiency in elderly: risk factors and drugs impact on vitamin D status. Avicenna Journal of Medicine 2018 Oct-Dec;8(4):139-46.
34. Fang F, Wei H, Wang K, Tan L, Zhang W, Ding L, Liu T, Shan Z, Zhu M. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and influencing factors among urban and rural residents in Tianjin, China. Archives of Osteoporosis 2018 Jun;13(1):64.
35. Arnljots R, Thorn J, Elm M, Moore M, Sundvall PD. Vitamin D deficiency was common among nursing home residents and associated with dementia: a cross sectional study of 545 Swedish nursing home residents. BMC Geriatrics 2017 Oct;17(1):229.
36. Suryanarayana P, Arlappa N, Santhosh VS, Balakrishna N, Rajkumar PL, Prasad U, Raju BB, Shivakeseva K, Shoshanni KD, Seshacharyulu M, Geddam JB, Prasanthi PS, Ananthan R. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors among the urban elderly population in Hyderabad metropolitan city, South India. Annals of Human Biology 2018 Mar;45(2):133-9.
37. Al-Dabhani K, Tsilidis K, Murphy N, Ward HA, Elliott P, Riboli E, Gunter M, Tzoulaki I. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and association with metabolic syndrome in a Qatari population. Nutrition & Diabetes 2017 Apr;7(4):e263.
38. Avenell A, Mak JCS, O’Connell D. Vitamin D and vitamin D analogues for preventing fractures in post-menopausal women and older men. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014 Apr;2014(4): CD000227.
39. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Staehelin HB, Orav JE, Stuck AE, Theiler R, Wong JB, Egli A, Kiel DP, Henschkowski J. Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2009 Oct;339:3692.
40. Мачехина Л.В., Дудинская Е.Н., Ткачева О.Н. Дефицит витамина D у пожилых лиц с синдромом старческой астении. Профилактическая медицина 2019;22(5):118-24.
41. Государственное санитарно-эпидемиологическое нормирование Российской Федерации. 2.3.1. Рациональное питание. Нормы физиологических потребностей в энергии и пищевых веществах для различных групп населения Российской Федерации: методические рекомендации. МР 2.3.1.2432-08. М.: Федеральный центр гигиены и эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора; 2009. 36 с.
42. Коденцова В.М., Мендель О.И., Хотимченко С.А., Батурин А.К., Никитюк Д.Б., Тутельян В.А. Физиологическая потребность и эффективные дозы витамина D для коррекции его дефицита. Современное состояние проблемы. Вопросы питания 2017;2:2.
43. Плудовски П., Карчмаревич Э., Байер М., Картер Г., Хлебна-Сокол Д., Чех-Ковальска Ю., Дебски Р., Дечи Т., Добжанска А., Франек Э., Глушко П., Грант У.Б., Холик М.Ф., Янковская Л., Константинович Е., Ксяжык Я.Б., Ксезопольска-Орловска К., Левински А., Литвин М., Лохнер Ш., Лоренц РС., Лукашкевич Я., Марциновска-Суховерска Е., Милевич А., Мисиоровски В., Новицки М., Пильц С., Поворознюк В., Розентрит П., Руденька Э., Шоэнфельд Е., Соха П., Сольница Б., Шалецки М., Талалай М., Варбиро Ш., Змиевски М. Практические рекомендации по поступлению витамина D и лечению его дефицита в Центральной Европе – рекомендуемое потребление витамина D среди населения в целом и в группах риска по дефициту витамина D. Журнал Гродненского государственного медицинского университета 2014;2(46):109-18.
44. Коденцова В.М., Рисник Д.В. Способы коррекции недостаточности витамина D у населения. Русский медицинский журнал 2020;28(1):29-34.
45. Боровик Т.Э., Бушуева Т.В., Звонкова Н.Г., Лукоянова О.Л., Семенова Н.Н., Скворцова В.А., Яцык Г.В., Яцык С.П. Роль питания в обеспечении витамином D. Профилактическая медицина 2017;5:106.
46. Мамылина Н.В. Обоснование дотации витамина D у лиц пожилого возраста. Терапевт 2020;4:4.
47. Пигарова Е.А., Рожинская Л.Я., Белая Ж.Е., Дзеранова Л.К., Каронова Т.Л., Ильин А.В., Мельниченко Г.А., Дедов И.И. Клинические рекомендации Российской ассоциации эндокринологов по диагностике, лечению и профилактике дефицита витамина D у взрослых. Проблемы эндокринологии 2016;62(4):60-84.
48. Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP, Murad MH, Weaver CM; Endocrine Society. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2011 Jul;96(7):1911-30.
49. Bilezikian JР, Bikle D, Hewison M, Lazaretti-Castro M, Formenti AM, Gupta A, Madhavan MV, Nair N, Babalyan V, Hutchings N, Napoli N, Accili D, Binkley N, Landry DW, Giustina A. Mechanisms in endocrinology: vitamin D and COVID-19. European Journal of Endocrinology 2020 Nov;183(5):R133-47.
50. Gough ME, Graviss EA, May EE. The dynamic immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D3 during Mycobacterium infection. Innate Immunity 2017 Aug;23(6):506-23.
51. Mao J, Lin E, He L, Yu J, Tan P, Zhou Y. Autophagy and viral infection. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2019;1209:55-78.
52. Rudensky AY. Regulatory T cells and Foxp3. Immunological Reviews 2011 May;241(1):260-8.
53. Teymoori-Rad M, Marashi SM. Vitamin D and Covid-19: from potential therapeutic effects to unanswered questions. Reviews in Medical Virology 2021 Mar;31(2):e2159.
54. Mercola J, Grant WB, Wagner CL. Evidence regarding vitamin D and risk of COVID-19 and its severity. Nutrients 2020 Oct;12(11):3361.
55. Camargo CA Jr, Martineau AR. Vitamin D to prevent COVID-19: recommendations for the design of clinical trials. The FEBS Journal 2020 Sep;287(17):3689-92.
56. Hastie CE, Pell JP, Sattar N. Vitamin D and COVID-19 infection and mortality in UK Biobank. European Journal of Nutrition 2021 Feb;60(1):545-8.
57. Carpagnano GE, Di Lecce V, Quaranta VN, Zito A, Buonamico E, Capozza E, Palumbo A, Di Gioia G, Valerio VN, Resta O. Vitamin D deficiency as a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 2021 Apr;44(4):765-71.
58. Munshi R, Hussein MH, Toraih EA, Elshazli RM, Jardak C, Sultana N, Youssef MR, Omar M, Attia AS, Fawzy MS, Killackey M, Kandil E, Duchesne J. Vitamin D insufficiency as a potential culprit in critical COVID-19 patients. Journal of Medical Virology 2021 Feb;93(2):733-40.
59. Lau FH, Majumder R, Torabi R, Saeg F, Hoffman R, Cirillo JD, Greiffenstein P. Vitamin D insufficiency is prevalent in severe COVID-19. medRxiv 2020 Apr;04:24.
60. Meltzer DO, Best TJ, Zhang H, Vokes T, Arora V, Solway J. Association of vitamin D status and other clinical characteristics with COVID-19 test results. JAMA Network Open 2020 Sep;3(9):e2019722.
61. Ohaegbulam KC, Swalih M, Patel P, Smith MA, Perrin R. Vitamin D supplementation in COVID-19 patients: a clinical case series. American Journal of Therapeutics 2020 Sep-Oct;27(5):e485-90.
62. Laird E, Rhodes J, Kenny RA. Vitamin D and inflammation: potential implications for severity of Covid-19. Irish Medical Journal 2020 May;113(5):81.
63. Pizzini A, Aichner M, Sahanic S, Böhm A, Egger A, Hoermann G, Kurz K, Widmann G, Bellmann-Weiler R, Weiss G, Tancevski I, Sonnweber T, Löffler-Ragg J. Impact of vitamin D deficiency on COVID-19 – a prospective analysis from the CovILD Registry. Nutrients 2020 Sep;12(9):2775.
64. Radujkovic A, Hippchen T, Tiwari-Heckler S, Dreher S, Boxberger M, Merle U. Vitamin D deficiency and outcome of COVID-19 patients. Nutrients 2020 Sep;12(9):2757.
65. Annweiler C, Hanotte B, de l’Eprevier CG, Sabatier JM, Lafaie L, Célarier T. Vitamin D and survival in COVID-19 patients: a quasi-experimental study. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2020 Nov;204:105771.
66. Pereira M, Damascena AD, Galvão Azevedo LM, de Almeida Oliveira T, da Mota Santana J. Vitamin D deficiency aggravates COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 2020 Nov 4;1-9. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1841090. Online ahead of print.
67. Jain A, Chaurasia R, Sengar NS, Singh M, Mahor S, Narain S. Analysis of vitamin D level among asymptomatic and critically ill COVID-19 patients and its correlation with inflammatory markers. Scientific Reports 2020 Nov;10(1):20191.
68. Raharusun P, Priambada S, Budiarti C, Agung E, Budi C. Patterns of COVID-19 mortality and vitamin D: an Indonesian study. SSRN Electronic Journal 2020 Jan. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3585561.
69. Ye K, Tang F, Liao X, Shaw BA, Deng M, Huang G, Qin Z, Peng X, Xiao H, Chen C, Liu X, Ning L, Wang B, Tang N, Li M, Xu F, Lin S, Yang J. Does serum vitamin D level affect COVID-19 infection and its severity? – A case-control study. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2020 Oct 13;1-8. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1826005. Online ahead of print.
70. Charoenngam N, Shirvani A, Kalajian TA, Song A, Holick MF. The effect of various doses of oral vitamin D3 supplementation on gut microbiota in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blinded, dose-response study. Anticancer Research 2020 Jan;40(1):551-6.
71. Hribar CA, Cobbold PH, Church FC. Potential role of vitamin D in the elderly to resist COVID-19 and to slow progression of Parkinson’s disease. Brain Sciences 2020 May;10(5):284.
72. Ross AC, Manso JE, Abrams SA, Aloia JF, Brannon PM, Clinton SK, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Gallagher JC, Gallo RL, Jones G, Kovacs CS, Mayne ST, Rosen CJ, Shapses SA. The 2011 report on dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D from the Institute of Medicine: what clinicians need to know. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2011 Jan;96(1):53-8.
73. Bleizgys A. Vitamin D and COVID-19: it is time to act. International Journal of Clinical Practice 2021 Mar;75(3):e13748.
74. Razdan K, Singh K, Singh D. Vitamin D levels and COVID-19 susceptibility: is there any correlation? Medicine in Drug Discovery 2020 Sep;7:100051.
75. Arboleda JF, Urcuqui-Inchima S. Vitamin D supplementation: a potential approach for coronavirus/COVID-19 therapeutics? Frontiers in Immunology 2020 Jun;11:1523.
76. Kohlmeier M. Avoidance of vitamin D deficiency to slow the COVID-19 pandemic. BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health 2020 May;3(1):67-73.
77. Biesalski HK. Vitamin D deficiency and co-morbidities in COVID-19 patients – a fatal relationship? NFS Journal 2020 Aug;20:10-21.

References

1. Holick MF. Resurrection of vitamin D deficiency and rickets. The Journal of Clinical Investigation 2006 Aug;116(8):2062-72.
2. Wyskida M, Wieczorowska-Tobis K, Chudek J. Prevalence and factors promoting the occurrence of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly. Postȩpy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej (Online) 2017 Mar;71(0):198-204.
3. Menant J, Close J, Delbaere K, Sturnieks D, Trollor J, Sachdev P, Brodaty H, Lord S. Relationships between serum vitamin D levels, neuromuscular and neuropsychological function and falls in older men and women. Osteoporosis International 2012 Mar;23(3):981-9.
4. Garland CF, French CB, Baggerly LL, Heaney RP. Vitamin D supplement doses and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the range associated with cancer prevention. Anticancer Research 2011 Feb;31(2):607-11.
5. Pilz S, Tomaschitz A, März W, Drechsler C, Ritz E, Zittermann A, Cavalier E, Pieber TR, Lappe JM, Grant WB, Holick MF, Dekker JM. Vitamin D, cardiovascular disease and mortality. Clinical Endocrinology 2011 Nov;75(5):575-84.
6. Porto MC, De Lima Silva, Brito da Luz JS, Filho BM, Magalhães da Silveira V. Association between vitamin D deficiency and heart failure risk in the elderly. ESC Heart Failure Journal 2018 Feb;5(1):63-74.
7. Pittas AG, Nelson J, Mitri J, Hillmann W, Garganta C, Nathan DM, Hu FB, Dawson-Hughes B; Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and progression to diabetes in patients at risk for diabetes: an ancillary analysis in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes Care 2012 Mar;35(3):565-73.
8. Papaioannou I, Pantazidou G, Kokkalis Z, Georgopoulos N, Jelastopulu E. Vitamin D deficiency in elderly with diabetes mellitus type 2: a review. Cureus 2021 Jan;13(1):e12506.
9. Burgaz A, Orsini N, Larsson SC, Wolk A. Blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and hypertension: a meta-analysis. Journal of Hypertension 2011 Apr;29(4):636-45.
10. Raghuwanshi A, Joshi SS, Christakos S. Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 2008 Oct;105(2):338-43.
11. Boucher BJ. Is vitamin D status relevant to metabolic syndrome? Dermato-Endocrinology 2012 Apr;4(2):212-24.
12. Tkacheva ON, Frolova EV, Yakhno NN. Geriatrics. National guidelines. Moscow: Geotar-Media; 2018. 608 p. (In Russian).
13. da Rosa MI, Beck WO, Colonetti T, Budni J, Falchetti ACB, Colonetti L, Coral AS, Meller FO. Association of vitamin D and vitamin B12 with cognitive impairment in elderly aged 80 years or older: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 2019 Aug;32(4):518-24.
14. Conzade R, Koenig W, Heier M, Schneider A, Grill E, Peters A, Thorand B. Prevalence and predictors of subclinical micronutrient deficiency in German older adults: results from the population-based KORA-age study. Nutrients 2017 Nov;9(12):1276.
15. McKay DL, Perrone G, Rasmussen H, Dallal G, Hartman W, Cao G, Prior RL, Roubenoff R, Blumberg JB. The effects of a multivitamin/mineral supplement on micronutrient status, antioxidant capacity and cytokine production in healthy older adults consuming a fortified diet. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2000 Oct;19(5):613-21.
16. Cowen LE, Hodak SP, Verbalis JG. Age-associated abnormalities of water homeostasis. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 2013 Jun;42(2):349-70.
17. Konev YuV. Vitamins in the elderly and senile age. General Physician 2008;9:56-9 (In Russian).
18. Drevet S, Gavazzi G. [Undernutrition of the elderly]. La Revue de Médecine Interne 2019 Oct;40(10):664-9.
19. Parakhonskiy A.P. Possible vitamin prevention of cognitive disorders in the elderly. Zametki Uchenogo 2017;1(17):22-9 (In Russian).
20. de Souza dos Santos C, de Bessa TA, Junqueira Xavier A. Factors associated with dementia in elderly. Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 2020 Feb;25(2):603-11.
21. Baranovskiy AYu. Rational nutrition of an elderly person. Prakticheskaya Diyetologiya 2014;3:11 (In Russian).
22. Chernoff R. Geriatric nutrition. The health professional’s handbook. 4th ed. Burlingtone, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2014. 580 p.
23. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, Boirie Y, Bruyère O, Cederholm T, Cooper C, Landi F, Rolland Y, Sayer AA, Schneider SM, Sieber CC, Topinkova E, Vandewoude M, Visser M, Zamboni M; Writing Group for the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), and the Extended Group for EWGSOP2. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age and Ageing 2018 Jan;48(1):16-31.
24. Ivanov VI, Dorofeykov VV, Kaistrya IV, Emanuel VL. Vitamin D and laboratory indicators of cardiovascular risk in the elderly. Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 2020;65(1):11-5 (In Russian).
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