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ИНТЕРНЕТ-МАГАЗИН

Телефон издательства

Лечебное дело
2019 / N 1

Целевые уровни систолического и диастолического артериального давления у пациентов с артериальной гипертонией старческого возраста без синдрома старческой астении
М.С. Черняева, О.Д. Остроумова

Список литературы

1. Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti Rosei E, Azizi M, Burnier M, Clement DL, Coca A, de Simone G, Dominiczak A, Kahan T, Mahfoud F, Redon J, Ruilope L, Zanchetti A, Kerins M, Kjeldsen SE, Kreutz R, Laurent S, Lip GYH, McManus R, Narkiewicz K, Ruschitzka F, Schmieder RE, Shlyakhto E, Tsioufis C, Aboyans V, Desormais I; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. European Heart Journal 2018 Sep;39(33):3021-104.
2. Ettehad D, Emdin C, Kiran A, Anderson SG, Callender T, Emberson J, Chalmers J, Rodgers A, Rahimi K. Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet 2016 Mar;387(10022):957-67.
3. Thomopoulos C, Parati G, Zanchetti A. Effects of blood pressure lowering on outcome incidence in hypertension. 1. Overview, meta-analyses, and meta-regression analyses of randomized trials. Journal of Hypertension 2014 Dec;32(12):2285-95.
4. Brunstrom M, Carlberg B. Association of blood pressure lowering with mortality and cardiovascular disease across blood pressure levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Internal Medicine 2018 Jan;178(1):28-36.
5. Collins R, MacMahon S. Blood pressure, antihypertensive drug treatment and the risks of stroke and of coronary heart disease. British Medical Bulletin 1994 Apr;50(2):272-98.
6. Lv J, Ehteshami P, Sarnak M, Tighiouart H, Jun M, Ninomiya T, Foote C, Rodgers A, Zhang H, Wang H, Strippoli GF, Perkovic V. Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on the progression of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2013 Aug;185(11):949-57.
7. Chalmers J, Woodward M, Borghi C, Manolis A, Mancia G. Strategies to meet the need for long-term data. Journal of Hypertension 2016 Aug;34(8):1473-9.
8. Cirillo M, Terradura-Vagnarelli O, Mancini M, Menotti A, Zanchetti A, Laurenzi M. Cohort profile: the Gubbio population study. International Journal of Epidemiology 2014 Jun;43(3):713-20.
9. Sytkowski P, D’Agostino R, Belanger A, Kannel WB. Secular trends in long-term sustained hypertension, long-term treatment, and cardiovascular mortality. The Framingham Heart Study 1950 to 1990. Circulation 1996 Feb;93(4):697-703.
10. Zoungas S, Chalmers J, Neal B, Billot L, Li Q, Hirakawa Y, Arima H, Monaghan H, Joshi R, Colagiuri S, Cooper ME, Glasziou P, Grobbee D, Hamet P, Harrap S, Heller S, Lisheng L, Mancia G, Marre M, Matthews DR, Mogensen CE, Perkovic V, Poulter N, Rodgers A, Williams B, MacMahon S, Patel A, Woodward M; ADVANCE-ON Collaborative Group. Follow-up of blood-pressure lowering and glucose control in type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2014 Oct;371(14):1392-406.
11. Beckett N, Peters R, Fletcher A, Staessen JA, Liu L, Dumitrascu D, Stoyanovsky V, Antikainen RL, Nikitin Y, Anderson C, Belhani A, Forette F, Rajkumar C, Thijs L, Banya W, Bulpitt CJ; HYVET Study Group. Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older. The New England Journal of Medicine 2008 May;358(18):1887-98.
12. Briasoulis A, Agarwal V, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C. Effects of antihypertensive treatment in patients over 65 years of age: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies. Heart 2014 Feb;100(4):317-23.
13. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redón J, Zanchetti A, Böhm M, Christiaens T, Cifkova R, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, Galderisi M, Grobbee DE, Jaarsma T, Kirchhof P, Kjeldsen SE, Laurent S, Manolis AJ, Nilsson PM, Ruilope LM, Schmieder RE, Sirnes PA, Sleight P, Viigimaa M, Waeber B, Zannad Fredon J, Dominiczak A, Narkiewicz K, Nilsson PM, Burnier M, Viigimaa M, Ambrosioni E, Caufield M, Coca A, Olsen MH, Schmieder RE, Tsioufis C, van de Borne P, Zamorano JL, Achenbach S, Baumgartner H, Bax JJ, Bueno H, Dean V, Deaton C, Erol C, Fagard R, Ferrari R, Hasdai D, Hoes AW, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, Lancellotti P, Linhart A, Nihoyannopoulos P, Piepoli MF, Ponikowski P, Sirnes PA, Tamargo JL, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Wijns W, Windecker S, Clement DL, Coca A, Gillebert TC, Tendera M, Rosei EA, Ambrosioni E, Anker SD, Bauersachs J, Hitij JB, Caulfield M, De Buyzere M, De Geest S, Derumeaux GA, Erdine S, Farsang C, Funck-Brentano C, Gerc V, Germano G, Gielen S, Haller H, Hoes AW, Jordan J, Kahan T, Komajda M, Lovic D, Mahrholdt H, Olsen MH, Ostergren J, Parati G, Perk J, Polonia J, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Rydén L, Sirenko Y, Stanton A, Struijker-Boudier H, Tsioufis C, van de Borne P, Vlachopoulos C, Volpe M, Wood DA. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal 2013 Jul;34(28):2159-219.
14. Wei Y, Jin ZM, Shen GY, Zhao X, Yang W, Zhong Y, Wang J. Effects of intensive antihypertensive treatment on chinese hypertensive patients older than 70 years. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) 2013 Jun;15(6):420-7.
15. Dahlöf B, Lindholm LH, Hansson L, Scherstén B, Ekbom T, Wester PO. Morbidity and mortality in the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension (STOP-Hypertension). The Lancet 1991 Nov;338(8778):1281-5.
16. Williamson JD, Supiano MA, Applegate WB, Berlowitz DR, Campbell RC, Chertow GM, Fine LJ, Haley WE, Hawfield AT, Ix JH, Kitzman DW, Kostis JB, Krousel-Wood MA, Launer LJ, Oparil S, Rodriguez CJ, Roumie CL, Shorr RI, Sink KM, Wadley VG, Whelton PK, Whittle J, Woolard NF, Wright JT Jr, Pajewski NM; SPRINT Research Group. Intensive vs standard blood pressure control and cardiovascular disease outcomes in adults aged ≥75 years: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2016 Jun;315(24):2673-82.
17. Schiffrin EL, Calhoun DA, Flack JM. SPRINT proves that lower is better for nondiabetic high-risk patients, but at a price. American Journal of Hypertension 2016 Jan;29(1):2-4.
18. Горбунов В.М. Проблемы оценки результатов измерения артериального давления в современных клинических исследованиях (на примере исследования SPRINT). Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии 2018;14(1):122-30.
19. Myers MG. A short history of automated office blood pressure – 15 years to SPRINT. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich) 2016;18:721-4.
20. Parati G, Pomidossi G, Casadei R, Mancia G. Lack of alerting reactions to intermittent cuff inflations during noninvasive blood pressure monitoring. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.: 1979) 1985 Jul-Aug;7(4):597-601.
21. Myers MG, Godwin M, Dawes M, Kiss A, Tobe SW, Kaczorowski J. Measurement of blood pressure in the office: recognizing the problem and proposing the solution. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.: 1979) 2010 Feb;55(2):195-200.
22. Filipovský J, Seidlerová J, Kratochvil Z, Karnosová P, Hronová M, Mayer O Jr. Automated compared to manual office blood pressure and to home blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Blood Pressure 2016 Aug;25(4):228-34.
23. Mitnitski AB, Mogilner AJ, Rockwood K. Accumulation of deficits as a proxy measure of aging. The Scientific World Journal 2001 Aug;1:323-36.
24. Rockwood K, Fox RA, Stolee P, Robertson D, Beattie BL. Frailty in elderly people: an evolving concept. Canadian Medicine Association Journal 1994 Feb;150(4):489-95.
25. Pajewski NM, Williamson JD, Applegate WB, Berlowitz DR, Bolin LP, Chertow GM, Krousel-Wood MA, Lopez-Barrera N, Powell JR, Roumie CL, Still C, Sink KM, Tang R, Wright CB, Supiano MA; SPRINT Study Research Group. Characterizing frailty status in the systolic blood pressure intervention trial. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 2016 May;71(5):649-55.
26. Blodgett J, Theou O, Kirkland S, Andreou P, Rockwood K. Frailty in NHANES: comparing the frailty index and phenotype. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2015 May-Jun;60(3):464-70.
27. Armstrong JJ, Andrew MK, Mitnitski А, Launer LJ, White LR, Rockwood K. Social vulnerability and survival across levels of frailty in the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Age and Ageing 2015 Jul;44(4):709-12.
28. Hoover M, Rotermann M, Sanmartin C, Bernier J. Validation of an index to estimate the prevalence of frailty among community-dwelling seniors. Health Reports 2013 Sep;24(9):10-7.
29. Warwick J, Falaschetti E, Rockwood K, Mitnitski A, Thijs L, Beckett N, Bulpitt C, Peters R. No evidence that frailty modifies the positive impact of antihypertensive treatment in very elderly people: an investigation of the impact of frailty upon treatment effect in the HYpertension in the Very Elderly Trial (HYVET) study, a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of antihypertensives in people with hypertension aged 80 and over. BMC Medicine 2015 Apr;9(13):78.
30. van Bemmel T, Gussekloo J, Westendorp RG, Blauw GJ. In a population-based prospective study, no association between high blood pressure and mortality after age 85 years. Journal of Hypertension 2006 Feb;24(2):287-92.
31. Poortvliet RK, Blom JW, de Craen AJ, Mooijaart SP, Westendorp RG, Assendelft WJ, Gussekloo J, de Ruijter W. Low blood pressure predicts increased mortality in very old age even without heart failure: the Leiden 85-plus study. European Journal of Heart Failure 2013 May;15(5):528-33.
32. Streit S, Poortvliet RKE, Gussekloo J. Lower blood pressure during antihypertensive treatment is associated with higher all-cause mortality and accelerated cognitive decline in the oldest-old. Data from the Leiden 85-plus study. Age and Ageing 2018 Jul;47(4):545-50.
33. Molander L, Lovheim H, Norman T, Nordström P, Gustafson Y. Lower systolic blood pressure is associated with greater mortality in people aged 85 and older. Journal of American Geriatric Society 2008 Oct;56(10):1853-9.
34. Mattila K, Haavisto M, Rajala S, Heikinheimo R. Blood pressure and five year survival in the very old. The British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.) 1988 Mar;296(6626):887-9.
35. Ravindrarajah R, Hazra NC, Hamada S, Charlton J, Jackson SHD, Dregan A, Gulliford MC. Systolic blood pressure trajectory, frailty, and all-cause mortality >80 years of age: cohort study using electronic health records. Circulation 2017 Jun;135(24):2357-68.
36. Blom JW, de Ruijter W, Witteman JC, Assendelft WJ, Breteler MM, Hofman A, Gussekloo J. Changing prediction of mortality by systolic blood pressure with increasing age: the Rotterdam study. Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 2013 Apr;35(2):431-8.
37. Hakala SM, Tilvis RS, Strandberg TE. Blood pressure and mortality in an older population. A 5-year follow-up of the Helsinki Ageing Study. European Heart Journal 1997 Jun;18(6):1019-23.
38. JATOS Study Group. Principal results of the Japanese trial to assess optimal systolic blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients (JATOS). Hypertension Research 2008 Dec;31(12):2115-27.
39. Rakugi H, Ogihara T, Goto Y, Ishii M; JATOS Study Group. Comparison of strict- and mild-blood pressure control in elderly hypertensive patients: a per-protocol analysis of JATOS. Hypertension Research 2010 Nov;33(11):1124-8.
40. Ogihara T, Saruta T, Rakugi H, Matsuoka H, Shimamoto K, Shimada K, Imai Y, Kikuchi K, Ito S, Eto T, Kimura G, Imaizumi T, Takishita S, Ueshima H; Valsartan in Elderly Isolated Systolic Hypertension Study Group. Target blood pressure for treatment of isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly valsartan in elderly isolated systolic hypertension study. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.: 1979) 2010 Aug;56(2):196-202.
41. Lithell H, Hansson L, Skoog I, Elmfeldt D, Hofman A, Olofsson B, Trenkwalder P, Zanchetti A; SCOPE Study Group. The study on cognition and prognosis in the elderly (SCOPE): principal results of a randomized double-blind intervention trial. Journal of Hypertension 2003 May;21(5):875-86.
42. Franklin SS, Gustin W 4th, Wong ND, Larson MG, Weber MA, Kannel WB, Levy D. Haemodynamic patterns of age-related changes in blood pressure. The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 1997 Jul;96(1):308-15.
43. Vishram JK, Borglykke A, Andreasen AH, Jeppesen J, Ibsen H, Jørgensen T, Broda G, Palmieri L, Giampaoli S, Donfrancesco C, Kee F, Mancia G, Cesana G, Kuulasmaa K, Sans S, Olsen MH; MORGAM Project. Impact of age on the importance of systolic and diastolic blood pressures for stroke risk: The MOnica, Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph (MORGAM) Project. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.: 1979) 2012 Nov;60(5):1117-23.
44. Williams B, Lindholm LH, Sever P. Systolic pressure is all that matters. The Lancet 2008 Jun;371(9631):2219-21.
45. Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Carruthers SG, Dahlöf B, Elmfeldt D, Julius S, Ménard J, Rahn KH, Wedel H, Westerling S. Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. HOT Study Group. Lancet 1998 Jun;351(9118):1755-62.

References

1. Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti Rosei E, Azizi M, Burnier M, Clement DL, Coca A, de Simone G, Dominiczak A, Kahan T, Mahfoud F, Redon J, Ruilope L, Zanchetti A, Kerins M, Kjeldsen SE, Kreutz R, Laurent S, Lip GYH, McManus R, Narkiewicz K, Ruschitzka F, Schmieder RE, Shlyakhto E, Tsioufis C, Aboyans V, Desormais I; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. European Heart Journal 2018 Sep;39(33):3021-104.
2. Ettehad D, Emdin C, Kiran A, Anderson SG, Callender T, Emberson J, Chalmers J, Rodgers A, Rahimi K. Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet 2016 Mar;387(10022):957-67.
3. Thomopoulos C, Parati G, Zanchetti A. Effects of blood pressure lowering on outcome incidence in hypertension. 1. Overview, meta-analyses, and meta-regression analyses of randomized trials. Journal of Hypertension 2014 Dec;32(12):2285-95.
4. Brunstrom M, Carlberg B. Association of blood pressure lowering with mortality and cardiovascular disease across blood pressure levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Internal Medicine 2018 Jan;178(1):28-36.
5. Collins R, MacMahon S. Blood pressure, antihypertensive drug treatment and the risks of stroke and of coronary heart disease. British Medical Bulletin 1994 Apr;50(2):272-98.
6. Lv J, Ehteshami P, Sarnak M, Tighiouart H, Jun M, Ninomiya T, Foote C, Rodgers A, Zhang H, Wang H, Strippoli GF, Perkovic V. Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on the progression of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2013 Aug;185(11):949-57.
7. Chalmers J, Woodward M, Borghi C, Manolis A, Mancia G. Strategies to meet the need for long-term data. Journal of Hypertension 2016 Aug;34(8):1473-9.
8. Cirillo M, Terradura-Vagnarelli O, Mancini M, Menotti A, Zanchetti A, Laurenzi M. Cohort profile: the Gubbio population study. International Journal of Epidemiology 2014 Jun;43(3):713-20.
9. Sytkowski P, D’Agostino R, Belanger A, Kannel WB. Secular trends in long-term sustained hypertension, long-term treatment, and cardiovascular mortality. The Framingham Heart Study 1950 to 1990. Circulation 1996 Feb;93(4):697-703.
10. Zoungas S, Chalmers J, Neal B, Billot L, Li Q, Hirakawa Y, Arima H, Monaghan H, Joshi R, Colagiuri S, Cooper ME, Glasziou P, Grobbee D, Hamet P, Harrap S, Heller S, Lisheng L, Mancia G, Marre M, Matthews DR, Mogensen CE, Perkovic V, Poulter N, Rodgers A, Williams B, MacMahon S, Patel A, Woodward M; ADVANCE-ON Collaborative Group. Follow-up of blood-pressure lowering and glucose control in type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine 2014 Oct;371(14):1392-406.
11. Beckett N, Peters R, Fletcher A, Staessen JA, Liu L, Dumitrascu D, Stoyanovsky V, Antikainen RL, Nikitin Y, Anderson C, Belhani A, Forette F, Rajkumar C, Thijs L, Banya W, Bulpitt CJ; HYVET Study Group. Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older. The New England Journal of Medicine 2008 May;358(18):1887-98.
12. Briasoulis A, Agarwal V, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C. Effects of antihypertensive treatment in patients over 65 years of age: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies. Heart 2014 Feb;100(4):317-23.
13. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redón J, Zanchetti A, Böhm M, Christiaens T, Cifkova R, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, Galderisi M, Grobbee DE, Jaarsma T, Kirchhof P, Kjeldsen SE, Laurent S, Manolis AJ, Nilsson PM, Ruilope LM, Schmieder RE, Sirnes PA, Sleight P, Viigimaa M, Waeber B, Zannad FRedon J, Dominiczak A, Narkiewicz K, Nilsson PM, Burnier M, Viigimaa M, Ambrosioni E, Caufield M, Coca A, Olsen MH, Schmieder RE, Tsioufis C, van de Borne P, Zamorano JL, Achenbach S, Baumgartner H, Bax JJ, Bueno H, Dean V, Deaton C, Erol C, Fagard R, Ferrari R, Hasdai D, Hoes AW, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, Lancellotti P, Linhart A, Nihoyannopoulos P, Piepoli MF, Ponikowski P, Sirnes PA, Tamargo JL, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Wijns W, Windecker S, Clement DL, Coca A, Gillebert TC, Tendera M, Rosei EA, Ambrosioni E, Anker SD, Bauersachs J, Hitij JB, Caulfield M, De Buyzere M, De Geest S, Derumeaux GA, Erdine S, Farsang C, Funck-Brentano C, Gerc V, Germano G, Gielen S, Haller H, Hoes AW, Jordan J, Kahan T, Komajda M, Lovic D, Mahrholdt H, Olsen MH, Ostergren J, Parati G, Perk J, Polonia J, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Rydén L, Sirenko Y, Stanton A, Struijker-Boudier H, Tsioufis C, van de Borne P, Vlachopoulos C, Volpe M, Wood DA. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal 2013 Jul;34(28):2159-219.
14. Wei Y, Jin ZM, Shen GY, Zhao X, Yang W, Zhong Y, Wang J. Effects of intensive antihypertensive treatment on chinese hypertensive patients older than 70 years. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) 2013 Jun;15(6):420-7.
15. Dahlöf B, Lindholm LH, Hansson L, Scherstén B, Ekbom T, Wester PO. Morbidity and mortality in the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension (STOP-Hypertension). The Lancet 1991 Nov;338(8778):1281-5.
16. Williamson JD, Supiano MA, Applegate WB, Berlowitz DR, Campbell RC, Chertow GM, Fine LJ, Haley WE, Hawfield AT, Ix JH, Kitzman DW, Kostis JB, Krousel-Wood MA, Launer LJ, Oparil S, Rodriguez CJ, Roumie CL, Shorr RI, Sink KM, Wadley VG, Whelton PK, Whittle J, Woolard NF, Wright JT Jr, Pajewski NM; SPRINT Research Group. Intensive vs standard blood pressure control and cardiovascular disease outcomes in adults aged ≥75 years: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2016 Jun;315(24):2673-82.
17. Schiffrin EL, Calhoun DA, Flack JM. SPRINT proves that lower is better for nondiabetic high-risk patients, but at a price. American Journal of Hypertension 2016 Jan;29(1):2-4.
18. Gorbunov VM. Problems of evaluation of blood pressure measurement results in modern clinical studies (case of SPRINT study results). Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology 2018;14(1):122-30 (In Russian).
19. Myers MG. A short history of automated office blood pressure – 15 years to SPRINT. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich) 2016;18:721-4.
20. Parati G, Pomidossi G, Casadei R, Mancia G. Lack of alerting reactions to intermittent cuff inflations during noninvasive blood pressure monitoring. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.: 1979) 1985 Jul-Aug;7(4):597-601.
21. Myers MG, Godwin M, Dawes M, Kiss A, Tobe SW, Kaczorowski J. Measurement of blood pressure in the office: recognizing the problem and proposing the solution. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.: 1979) 2010 Feb;55(2):195-200.
22. Filipovský J, Seidlerová J, Kratochvil Z, Karnosová P, Hronová M, Mayer O Jr. Automated compared to manual office blood pressure and to home blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Blood Pressure 2016 Aug;25(4):228-34.
23. Mitnitski AB, Mogilner AJ, Rockwood K. Accumulation of deficits as a proxy measure of aging. The Scientific World Journal 2001 Aug;1:323-36.
24. Rockwood K, Fox RA, Stolee P, Robertson D, Beattie BL. Frailty in elderly people: an evolving concept. Canadian Medicine Association Journal 1994 Feb;150(4):489-95.
25. Pajewski NM, Williamson JD, Applegate WB, Berlowitz DR, Bolin LP, Chertow GM, Krousel-Wood MA, Lopez-Barrera N, Powell JR, Roumie CL, Still C, Sink KM, Tang R, Wright CB, Supiano MA; SPRINT Study Research Group. Characterizing frailty status in the systolic blood pressure intervention trial. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 2016 May;71(5):649-55.
26. Blodgett J, Theou O, Kirkland S, Andreou P, Rockwood K. Frailty in NHANES: comparing the frailty index and phenotype. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2015 May-Jun;60(3):464-70.
27. Armstrong JJ, Andrew MK, Mitnitski А, Launer LJ, White LR, Rockwood K. Social vulnerability and survival across levels of frailty in the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Age and Ageing 2015 Jul;44(4):709-12.
28. Hoover M, Rotermann M, Sanmartin C, Bernier J. Validation of an index to estimate the prevalence of frailty among community-dwelling seniors. Health Reports 2013 Sep;24(9):10-7.
29. Warwick J, Falaschetti E, Rockwood K, Mitnitski A, Thijs L, Beckett N, Bulpitt C, Peters R. No evidence that frailty modifies the positive impact of antihypertensive treatment in very elderly people: an investigation of the impact of frailty upon treatment effect in the HYpertension in the Very Elderly Trial (HYVET) study, a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of antihypertensives in people with hypertension aged 80 and over. BMC Medicine 2015 Apr;9(13):78.
30. van Bemmel T, Gussekloo J, Westendorp RG, Blauw GJ. In a population-based prospective study, no association between high blood pressure and mortality after age 85 years. Journal of Hypertension 2006 Feb;24(2):287-92.
31. Poortvliet RK, Blom JW, de Craen AJ, Mooijaart SP, Westendorp RG, Assendelft WJ, Gussekloo J, de Ruijter W. Low blood pressure predicts increased mortality in very old age even without heart failure: the Leiden 85-plus study. European Journal of Heart Failure 2013 May;15(5):528-33.
32. Streit S, Poortvliet RKE, Gussekloo J. Lower blood pressure during antihypertensive treatment is associated with higher all-cause mortality and accelerated cognitive decline in the oldest-old. Data from the Leiden 85-plus study. Age and Ageing 2018 Jul;47(4):545-50.
33. Molander L, Lovheim H, Norman T, Nordström P, Gustafson Y. Lower systolic blood pressure is associated with greater mortality in people aged 85 and older. Journal of American Geriatric Society 2008 Oct;56(10):1853-9.
34. Mattila K, Haavisto M, Rajala S, Heikinheimo R. Blood pressure and five year survival in the very old. The British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.) 1988 Mar;296(6626):887-9.
35. Ravindrarajah R, Hazra NC, Hamada S, Charlton J, Jackson SHD, Dregan A, Gulliford MC. Systolic blood pressure trajectory, frailty, and all-cause mortality >80 years of age: cohort study using electronic health records. Circulation 2017 Jun;135(24):2357-68.
36. Blom JW, de Ruijter W, Witteman JC, Assendelft WJ, Breteler MM, Hofman A, Gussekloo J. Changing prediction of mortality by systolic blood pressure with increasing age: the Rotterdam study. Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 2013 Apr;35(2):431-8.
37. Hakala SM, Tilvis RS, Strandberg TE. Blood pressure and mortality in an older population. A 5-year follow-up of the Helsinki Ageing Study. European Heart Journal 1997 Jun;18(6):1019-23.
38. JATOS Study Group. Principal results of the Japanese trial to assess optimal systolic blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients (JATOS). Hypertension Research 2008 Dec;31(12):2115-27.
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